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(1809) William Hamilton, “Mutual Interest, Mutual Benefit and Mutual Relief”
In January 1809 the African American community of New York celebrated the first anniversary of the passage of the Slave Importation Ban passed by Congress. That celebration, however, would be the last. By the following year it was clear that the law prohibiting the “foreign” slave trade
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Source: Black Past
Jan
2
1809
(1875) Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, “The Great Problem to be Solved”
After the Civil War Frances Ellen Watkins Harper worked among African Americans as a representative of the Womens Christian Temperance Union. From her new position Harper publicized the violence and intimidation in the South directed at the freedpeople. She argued African Americans must organize to
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by Association of Latino Professionals For America (ALPFA) Boston Professional Chapter
Apr
14
1875
Wheatley, Phillis (1754-1784)
Enslaved in Senegal [in a region that is now in Gambia] at age eight and brought to America on a schooner called the Phillis (for which she was apparently named), was purchased by Susannah and John Wheatley, who soon recognized her intellect and facility with language.  Susannah Wheatley taught
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by Massachusetts Black Lawyers Association (MBLA)
Ailey, Alvin (1931-1989)
Alvin Ailey was born in Rodgers, Texas during the Great Depression. He overcame racism, poverty, and homophobia to become one of the most celebrated choreographers in American history. His single teenage mother Lula Ailey washed clothes, picked cotton, and worked in domestic service in various
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Source: Black Past
Common Stereotypes About Africa
In the 21st century, there’s never been more focus on Africa than now. Thanks to the revolutions sweeping through North Africa and the Middle East, Africa has the world’s attention. But just because all eyes happen to be on Africa at the moment doesn’t mean myths about this part of the world have
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Source: ThoughtCo
Cape verde
Cape verde | FactMonster
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Source: Fact Monster - Black History
Sponsored by Center for Critical Race and Digital Studies
Barack Obama's Stirring Iowa Caucus Victory Speech - Full Text January 3, 2008
Sen. Barack Obama delivered this eloquent, soaring speech to thunderous ovation and public accolade after he won the Iowa Democratic caucus on January 3, 2008, which was the first vote in the 2008 presidential primary race. (See Obama Soars to Iowa Victory for more
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Source: ThoughtCo
Sponsored by Center for Critical Race and Digital Studies
Jan
3
2008
Mau Mau (1952-1960)
The Mau Mau Uprising, a revolt against colonial rule in Kenya, lasted from 1952 through 1960 and helped to hasten Kenya’s independence. Issues like the expulsion of Kikuyu tenants from settler farms, loss of land to white settlers, poverty, and lack of true political representation for Africans
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Source: Black Past
Mar
26
1953
Chad
A landlocked country in north-central Africa, Chad is about 85% the size of Alaska. Its neighbors are Niger, Libya, the Sudan, the Central African Republic, Cameroon, and Nigeria. Lake Chad, from which the country gets its name, lies on the western border with Niger and Nigeria. In the north is
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Source: Fact Monster - Black History
(1893) Anna Julia Cooper, “ Women's Cause is One and Universal”
On May 18, 1893, Anna Julia Cooper delivered an address at the Worlds Congress of Representative Women then meeting in Chicago. Cooper’s speech to this predominately white audience described the progress of African American women since slavery. Cooper in many ways epitomized that progress. Born
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by Christo Rey New York High School
May
18
1893
(1963) Martin Luther King, Jr., “Letter From a Birmingham Jail”
My Dear Fellow
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Source: Black Past
Washington, Ruth V. (1921-1990)
Ruth V. Washington, a lifelong Republican, was appointed by President George Herbert Walker Bush as U.S. Ambassador to Gambia on November 21, 1989.  Washington was a rare “political” appointee, meaning she was not a member of the U.S. Foreign Service for years before landing her
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Source: Black Past
East Pasco Co-op (1965- )
The East Pasco African American community emerged quickly during World War II when thousands of black workers were recruited to help construct the Hanford Atomic Energy Complex just north of neighboring Richland, Washington. African American workers and their families were confined to the area
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Source: Black Past
Joe Louis - The World Heavyweight Champion
Who Was Joe
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Source: ThoughtCo
Sponsored by Museum of African American History in Massachusetts
Cousin, Ertharin (1957– )
Ertharin Cousin, a diplomat and leading advocate for ending global hunger, was born on May 12, 1957 in Chicago, Illinois to Anne Cousin, who worked in social services, and her husband Julius Cousin, who was a property owner and community development
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Source: Black Past
Sep
9
2009
Sharpless, Mattie R. (1943- )
On October 1, 2001, President George W. Bush nominated Mattie R. Sharpless to be the next United States Ambassador to the Central African Republic. After confirmation by the U.S. Senate, Sharpless was at her post in the nation’s capital at Bangui by mid-December 2001.  Sharpless served in Bangui
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Source: Black Past
Oct
1
2001
(1994) Sister Souljah, “We Are At War"
In 1993 Sister Souljah (born Lisa Williamson), a Bronx-born rapper, earned national notoriety thanks ironically to then Presidential candidate Bill Clinton who denounced her comments about the 1992 Los Angeles Riots as “hate driven and racist.”  Sister Souljah responded with her own
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by National Association of Black Accountants (NABA) Boston Metropolitan Chapter
Wheatley, Phillis
Wheatley, Phillis, 1753?–1784, American poet, considered the first important black writer in the United States. Brought from Africa in 1761, she became a house slave for the Boston merchant John Wheatley and his wife Susanna, who, recognizing her intelligence and wit, educated her and encouraged
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Source: Fact Monster - Black History
Sponsored by National Black MBA Association (NBMBAA) Boston Professional Chapter
(1877) Peter H. Clark, “Socialism: The Remedy for the Evils of Society”
Peter Humphries Clark, principal of the Colored High School in Cincinnati, Ohio, was one of a small number of 19th Century African American Socialists. Grandson of William Clark of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, schoolteacher and later Principal of the Colored High School in Cincinnati and staunch
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by Intellitech
Nouakchott, Mauritania (1659- )
Nouakchott, meaning “place of the winds” in the Hassaniya language, became the capital of Mauritania in 1960.  In 2006 it had an estimated population of 708,000 people. It is located on the Atlantic Ocean but is on the edge of the Sahara Desert area of North and West Africa.  Scarce
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by Massachusetts Black Lawyers Association (MBLA)
Gist, Carole Ann-Marie (1969- )
Carole Anne-Marie Gist, the first African American woman to win the Miss USA title, was born on May 8, 1969 in Detroit, Michigan.  Gist, the daughter of Joan Gist and David Turner, is of African American and Cherokee heritage.  Her parents divorced when she was a young child.  Gist graduated from
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Source: Black Past
Loren Miller: Legal Crusader in the Long Struggle for Racial Justice in the Twentieth Century
In the essay below, journalist and historian Amina Hassan describes her 2015 biography of Loren Miller, a significant but understudied figure in the long twentieth century campaign for civil rights and racial
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Source: Black Past
Dec
5
1945
(1863) Rev. Jonathan C. Gibbs, “Freedom's Joyful Day”
African Americans throughout the North held meetings and church services on January 1, 1863 to celebrate the issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation. Almost always the festivities revolved around a central speaker. One of those speeches was delivered by Rev. Jonathan C. Gibbs, pastor of the First
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Source: Black Past
(1901) William Hannibal Thomas on the American Negro
Nineteenth Century black conservative William Hannibal Thomas was a Civil War veteran, Reconstruction era South Carolina politician, and U.S. counsel to Portuguese Southwest Africa (Angola).  He is most famous however as the author of the 1901 book, The American Negro: What He Was, What He Is, and
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by National Association of Asian American Professionals (NAAP) Boston Chapter
Welfare As We Knew It: The 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act
On August 22, 1996, President Bill Clinton signed the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act which ushered in the most sweeping changes in the welfare system since its adoption as part of the Social Security Act of 1935.  In the following account, former White House staffer and now
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by APEX Museum
Aug
22
1996
Cairo, Egypt (founded c. 969 C.E.)
Cairo, the current capital of Egypt and the largest city in the Middle East and Africa, has been a major cultural, religious and political center of the Arab, Islamic and African worlds for centuries. The year 2011 saw unprecedented civil and political upheaval in the city, as the world watched
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by Massachusetts Black Lawyers Association (MBLA)
Ella Fitzgerald Born
Ella Fitzgerald, First Lady of Song, born. In 1934, an awkward sixteen-year-old girl made her singing debut at the Harlem Apollo Theatre amateur night in New York City. She intended to dance, but she lost her nerve when she got on stage. The man said, do something while youre out there, the singer
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Source: Blackfacts.com
Apr
25
1918
Sierra leone
But a violent military coup ousted President Kabbahs civilian government in May 1997. The leader of the coup, Lieut. Col. Johnny Paul Koroma, assumed the title Head of the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council (AFRC). Koroma began a reign of terror, destroying the economy and murdering enemies. The
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Source: Fact Monster - Black History
Mar
10
1998
Operation Equity
Although racially restricted housing covenants had been banned by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1948, various forms of de facto housing segregation kept African Americans relatively isolated spatially in urban areas, including the city of Seattle.  Many white homeowners in the years following the
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Source: Black Past
Apr
19
1968
Jackson, Jesse Louis
Jackson, Jesse Louis, 1941–, African-American political leader, clergyman, and civil-rights activist, b. Greenville, S.C. Raised in poverty, he attended the Chicago Theological Seminary (1963–65) and was ordained a Baptist minister in 1968. Active in the civil-rights movement, he became a close
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Source: Fact Monster - Black History
Sponsored by Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers (SHPE) Boston Professional Chapter
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