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Black Facts for June 8th

1977 - Kanye West

Kanye Omari West is an American rap singer, producer and songwriter, who is currently one of the most celebrated as well as controversial artists in the world. West was born on June 8, 1977 in Atlanta to Ray and Donda West. His parents got divorced when he was three years old, and he moved to Chicago with his mother, who was an English professor and the Chair of the English Department at Chicago State University. After graduating from Polaris High School, West enrolled in Chicago State University art school, but dropped out after one year to pursue a full time career in music.

West moved to New York in 2001 where he collaborated with the celebrated rapper Jay-Z to help produce his hit album “Blueprint”. He also produced albums for other well known artists such as Ludacris and Beyoncé. In 2002, he signed a deal with Jay-Z’s company, Roc-A-Fella Records. However, he was involved in a tragic car crash the same year, when he fell asleep while driving back home from Los Angeles after a major recording session. He suffered serious injuries, including a broken jaw.

West worked with dedication to keep his debut album going and wrote and performed the song “Through the Wire” about his near death experience, even with his jaw still partially wired shut. The album was completed and released in 2004. It was titled “The College Dropout” and was a huge success, had sales of more than 2 million and received three American Music Award nominations. However, when the award for “Best New Artist” was given to the country music singer Gretchen Wilson, West walked out of the ceremony proclaiming that he thought he deserved it more. He later apologized for his previous outburst at a press conference before the Grammys, where he later won the “Best Rap Album” award. His next album was released in 2005, titled “Late Registration”. This was an even bigger success, and got him 10 nominations at the Grammys, out of which he won 3 awards for “Best Rap Album”, “Best Rap Song” and “Best R&B Song”. He was also on the cover of Time magazine,

1982 - Satchel Paige

Leroy Robert Paige (better known as Satchel Paige) was an American baseball player who played for the Negro Leagues as well as MLB (Major League Baseball) teams. He was born on July 7, 1906 in Alabama, the 7th of 12 children in his family. His actual date of birth has been a point of contention but was officially determined from his birth certificate to be so. As a child, Paige used to work as a porter at the train station, earning a dime for carrying a bag. According to Paige, he used to tie a pole and rope around his shoulders to allow him to carry more luggage at once, due to which other kids would call him “satchel tree” thus earning him his nickname. According to another version of events, however, Paige got the nickname when he was caught trying to steal a bag.

At the age of 13, Paige was caught trying to shoplift, which had been the third such incident to date. He was then sent to a state reform school, Industrial School for Negro Children in Mount Meigs, Alabama, where he stayed till the age of 18. During his 5 years there, his coach Edward Byrd taught him to pitch and polished his skills until he was released in December 1923. As African Americans were barred from the Major Leagues back then, Paige began his career with the Negro Southern League in 1926. He was drafted into the Chattanooga White Sox on a contract of $250 per month, where he had an impressive record. He was then traded to the Birmingham Black Barons of the major Negro National League (NNL). He played for several other leagues, both within the U.S. as well as in Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico and Mexico.

Satchel Paige also played a lot of exhibition matches and barnstorming tours for extra money, sometimes against stars from the major leagues such as Joe DiMaggio and Dizzy Dean, who commented on his exceptional capabilities as a pitcher. Unfortunately, however, there are very few official statistics about his career, especially because he switched teams frequently and travelled quite often. According to some of Paige’s own

1997 - Amos Tutuola

Amos Tutuola , (born 1920, Abeokuta, Nigeria—died June 8, 1997, Ibadan, Nigeria), Nigerian author of richly inventive fantasies. He is best known for the novel The Palm-Wine Drinkard and His Dead Palm-Wine Tapster in the Deads’ Town (1952), which was the first Nigerian book to achieve international fame.

Tutuola had only six years of formal schooling and wrote completely outside the mainstream of Nigerian literature. From 1939 he worked as a blacksmith and at other jobs until his first novel was published. He was influenced by D.O. Fagunwa, a Nigerian author who wrote similar folk fantasies earlier in Yoruba. Tutuola was also familiar with The Thousand and One Nights, Pilgrim’s Progress, and other episodic stories that had been used as textbooks at the Salvation Army primary school that he attended. Tutuola wrote his works in English.

In The Palm-Wine Drunkard and his subsequent novels, Tutuola incorporated Yoruba myths and legends into loosely constructed prose epics that improvise on traditional themes found in Yoruba folktales. The Palm-Wine Drinkard is a classic quest tale in which the hero, a lazy boy who likes to spend his days drinking palm wine, gains wisdom, confronts death, and overcomes many perils in the course of his journey. The book has been translated into 11 languages.

Tutuola followed up his first book with My Life in the Bush of Ghosts (1954), which reiterates the quest motif through the experiences of a boy who, in trying to escape from slave traders, finds himself in the Bush of Ghosts. Another quest is found in Simbi and the Satyr of the Dark Jungle (1955), a more compact tale focusing upon a beautiful and rich young girl who leaves her home and experiences poverty and starvation. In this and the books that followed—The Brave African Huntress (1958), The Feather Woman of the Jungle (1962), Ajaiyi and His Inherited Poverty (1967), and The Witch-Herbalist of the Remote Town (1981)—Tutuola’s rich vision imposes unity upon a series of relatively random events. His later works include