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Climate change: Bearing scars of world inequality, poor legislation

By Gibson Nyikadzino Zimbabwe and the world are experiencing many negative and unpredictable results of climate change such as increasing and devastating cyclones, hurricanes that destroy the infrastructure in the shores and the worrying fast melting of the Arctic sea ice. Scientifically, a lack of comprehensive research in Zimbabwe has affected arriving at conclusions that can bolster formulation of working legal frameworks ahead of the 2030 target to meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Zimbabwe committed itself to implementing all the 17 SDGs, with special priority given to ten SDGs among them number 13, which addresses climate change issues. SDG 13 aims at making communities more resilient against extreme weather conditions to reduce damage and death rates during weather hazards. According to the United Nations (UN), SDGs are a “bold, universal agreement to end poverty in all its dimensions and craft an equal, just and secure world — for people, planet and prosperity by 2030.” Climate change is a change to the state of the climate system that persists over an extended period of time in addition to natural climate variability. Human activity is the primary cause of climate change. Activities such as burning fossil fuels, migration, agriculture and deforestation are also significant causes. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) notes that the major impacts of climate change on human health are likely to occur via changes in the magnitude and frequency of extreme events, which trigger a natural disaster or emergency. Because climate change is explained in scientific terms, despite having climate change strategies, Zimbabwe’s government and lawmakers have failed to come up with a scientific evidence-based climate change policy. According to Rodrick Moyo from the Zimbabwe Environmental Lawyers Association (ZELA), Zimbabwe does not have a climate change law besides policies and strategies. Zimbabwe currently uses the Energy Regulatory Authority Act (Chapter 13:23), the Environmental Management Act, Electricity Act and the Forest Act. There are several other policies and strategies used among them the National Environmental Policy, Renewable Energy Policy. Strategies include, the National Climate Change Response Strategy and the Long-term Low Greenhouse Gas Emission Development Strategy (2020 to 2050) among others “Climate change is mainstreamed in bits and pieces in a number of legislation. This needs to be consolidated so that our approach is timely. Environmental Rights are included in the 2013 Constitution which sets a foundation for crafting laws addressing climate change. “Our policies and strategies show that our country is making commitments towards addressing climate and creating a climate resilient country. “However, going forward we have to develop a comprehensive legislative framework in order to deal with climate change in a more structural way. “The risk is, without a climate change legislation we may not be able to deal with the detrimental effects of climate change and history is the

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