In some surveys Africans hold the same negative stereotypes about African Americans as white Americans and look down on some aspects of the black American way their way of life, like their reliance on charity, assisted housing programmes, food stamps and generally lower social status.

African immigrants enter white American opportunity spaces with less historical hang ups so they are reportedly becoming more financially and socially successful per capita.

35% of African immigrants aged at least 25 have earned a college degree compared with the overall US population of 30% and almost double that of US-born black people at 19%.

Only a minority of African immigrants reports feeling solidarity and personal involvement with African American struggles over police brutality, higher imprisonment rates, workplace discrimination etc.

Many schools and colleges have separate organisations for African students which are distinct from Black Student Union clubs which focus exclusively on African American interests.