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Nationwide protests have taken place since October 7 despite the disbanding of the controversial Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS) police unit.

The demonstrators have been accused of attacking police stations and personnel. 

The rallies which are mostly attended by young people have become avenues to vent against corruption and unemployment. 

Rights groups say at least 15 people have been killed the demonstrations began in early October.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"Nigeria on Tuesday announced a 24-hour curfew over Lagos as protests over police brutality continued to expand. \n\nOn Monday, the protestors moved to occupy Lagos' international airport, nearly bringing the city of 14m to a standstill. \n\nAnnouncing the curfew, Lagos state governor Babajide Sanwo-Olu said the measures were necessary to restore order. \n\nI, therefore, hereby impose a 24-hour curfew on all parts of the State as from 4pm today, 20th October,2020. Nobody, except essential service providers and first responders must be found on the streets.\r\n— Babajide Sanwo-Olu (@jidesanwoolu) October 20, 2020 \n\n\nNationwide protests have taken place since October 7 despite the disbanding of the controversial Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS) police unit. \n\nThe demonstrators have been accused of attacking police stations and personnel.  \n\nThe rallies which are mostly attended by young people have become avenues to vent against corruption and unemployment.  \n\nRights groups say at least 15 people have been killed the demonstrations began in early October.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2020/11/2cb3e643-6304-46d3-a596-2ec32eb1366f.jpg","ImageHeight":538,"ImageWidth":1024,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"42C8FAC1-E2C7-4A09-8CA5-16C843DEC99E","SourceName":"Africanews | Latest breaking news, daily news and African news from Africa","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.africanews.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":"999065FF-039B-49BC-909D-0C5DBE2E80AE","IsSponsored":true,"SponsorName":"Greater Boston Veterans Collaborative","SmallSponsorLogoUrl":"24x24/GBVC-logo.png","SponsorUrl":"http://www.collaborate.vet/","HasSmallSponsorLogo":true,"EffectiveDate":null,"HasEffectiveDate":false,"MonthAbbrevName":null,"FormattedDate":null,"Year":null,"Month":null,"Day":null,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"date\":\"2020-10-20T15:34:03Z\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":180426,"FactUId":"FAAC13E5-C5E2-4E95-97D2-48D792955CCA","Slug":"lagos-imposes-24-hour-curfew-as-anti-police-marches-expand-in-nigeria-africanews-0","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Lagos imposes 24-hour curfew as anti-police marches expand in Nigeria | Africanews","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/lagos-imposes-24-hour-curfew-as-anti-police-marches-expand-in-nigeria-africanews-0","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/a39d0aaf-5aa9-430a-9dd4-08bb8c66893b/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/https%3A%2F%2Fsacobserver.com","DisplayText":"

The next year, former slaves started celebrating Juneteenth in Galveston, and it eventually reached other states.

Early Juneteenth celebrations were mostly cookouts or barbecues, said Robert Widell Jr., a professor of African American history at the University of Rhode Island and author of “Birmingham and the Long Black Freedom Struggle.”

Juneteenth celebrations eventually stretched beyond Texas, which was the first state to make it a holiday in 1980, as black people continued the tradition after moving out of state or overseas.

In Virginia, once home to the capital of the Confederacy, Gov. Ralph Northam moved to make Juneteenth an official holiday, giving executive branch employees a paid day off Friday and proposing legislation to make it a permanent state holiday.

New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo similarly designated Juneteenth a paid holiday for state employees and vowed to push legislation next year making it a permanent holiday.

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The Black Belt is a region of the Southern United States. The term originally described the prairies and dark fertile soil of central Alabama and northeast Mississippi.[1] Because this area in the 19th century was historically developed for cotton plantations based on enslaved African-American labor, the term became associated with these conditions. It was generally applied to a much larger agricultural region in the Southern US characterized by a history of cotton plantation agriculture in the 19th century and a high percentage of African Americans outside metropolitan areas. The slaves were freed after the American Civil War, and many continued to work in agriculture afterward.

During the first half of the nineteenth century, as many as one million enslaved African Americans were transported through sales in the domestic slave trade to the Deep South in a forced migration to work as laborers for the regions cotton plantations. After having lived enslaved for several generations in the area, many remained as rural workers, tenant farmers and sharecroppers after the Civil War and emancipation. Beginning in the early 20th century and up to 1970, a total of six million black people left the South in the Great Migration to find work in industrial cities, especially those in the North, Midwest and West Coast.

Because of relative isolation and lack of economic development, the rural communities in the Black Belt have historically faced acute poverty, rural exodus, inadequate education programs, low educational attainment, poor health care, urban decay, substandard housing, and high levels of crime and unemployment. Given the history of decades of racial segregation into the late 20th century, African-American residents have been disproportionately most affected, but these problems apply broadly to all ethnic groups in the rural Black Belt. The region and its boundaries have varying definitions, but it is generally considered a band through the center of the Deep South, although stretching from as far north as

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"The Black Belt is a region of the Southern United States. The term originally described the prairies and dark fertile soil of central Alabama and northeast Mississippi.[1] Because this area in the 19th century was historically developed for cotton plantations based on enslaved African-American labor, the term became associated with these conditions. It was generally applied to a much larger agricultural region in the Southern US characterized by a history of cotton plantation agriculture in the 19th century and a high percentage of African Americans outside metropolitan areas. The slaves were freed after the American Civil War, and many continued to work in agriculture afterward.\nDuring the first half of the nineteenth century, as many as one million enslaved African Americans were transported through sales in the domestic slave trade to the Deep South in a forced migration to work as laborers for the regions cotton plantations. After having lived enslaved for several generations in the area, many remained as rural workers, tenant farmers and sharecroppers after the Civil War and emancipation. Beginning in the early 20th century and up to 1970, a total of six million black people left the South in the Great Migration to find work in industrial cities, especially those in the North, Midwest and West Coast.\nBecause of relative isolation and lack of economic development, the rural communities in the Black Belt have historically faced acute poverty, rural exodus, inadequate education programs, low educational attainment, poor health care, urban decay, substandard housing, and high levels of crime and unemployment. Given the history of decades of racial segregation into the late 20th century, African-American residents have been disproportionately most affected, but these problems apply broadly to all ethnic groups in the rural Black Belt. The region and its boundaries have varying definitions, but it is generally considered a band through the center of the Deep South, although stretching from as far north as","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/new_2000_black_percent-gif/1200px-new_2000_black_percent.gif","ImageHeight":927,"ImageWidth":1200,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"6982DDB9-33E1-469E-8344-2E6290CC3F69","SourceName":"ThoughtCo","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.thoughtco.com/african-american-history-4133344","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":null,"HasEffectiveDate":false,"MonthAbbrevName":null,"FormattedDate":null,"Year":null,"Month":null,"Day":null,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":"ExtractionBotHub","IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{}","JsonExtData":{},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":9565,"FactUId":"24CCF34B-8C8D-4F94-99A8-CC457B5CC967","Slug":"black-belt-u-s-region","FactType":"Article","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Black Belt (U.S. region)","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/black-belt-u-s-region","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/Sponsor/aa57795e-8800-46a7-89eb-a946cfbd4ad8/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apexmuseum.org%20","SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/bb77fa5c-9a7e-41f6-a003-58b5ed8d237c/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/https%3A%2F%2Fpostnewsgroup.com","DisplayText":"

If you’re a registered voter in California, expect to receive a ballot from your county elections officials in the mail for the Nov. 3, 2020, elections.

Former First Lady Michelle Obama, who has been an outspoken advocate of voting by mail, praised California’s decision.

Newsom acknowledged that mail-in ballots aren’t a perfect solution, so he hopes policymakers in California will keep working to improve processes and standards for remote and in-person voting.

“I look forward to our public health experts and the Secretary of State’s and the Legislature’s continued partnership to create safer in-person opportunities for Californians who aren’t able to vote by mail,” said Newsom.

“I thank Governor Newsom for taking decisive action now, to preserve voting rights and provide sufficient time to properly prepare for the general election,” Padilla said.

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A HIGH school student on Sunday launched a record label to promote budding artistes without compromising educational opportunities. BY SHARON SIBINDI Nkosenhle “King Royal” Mlibazi, an A level student at Milton High School in Bulawayo, told NewsDay Life & Style that his No Reason record label will give young people and budding artistes a chance to explore and develop in the arts sector. “After noticing that a lot of young stars struggle with putting their art out in the world, we decided to create a label so we can have young people rallying under us or with us because as No Reason we believe in teamwork and together we can,” he said. “The name No Reason was composed through the catch phrase “Number of Reason why we Entertain” it’s shortcut being No Reason Entertainment.” Mlibazi said he was inspired by a number of young artistes that were trying to make it in the industry. “Most budding artistes are just happy to record a song and share it with friends. So I got an idea of having a music stable that will harness such potential, provide mentorship as well as link up with music stations as a brand not as an individual artiste,” he said. “The timing is perfect because for us we are officially celebrating our first anniversary. Well as an Upper Six student this means I am inspiring a new breed of artistes that are able to balance art and school. As the year ends, we will have established our existence to the arts fraternity .” Mlibazi said as young artistes they were humbled by the support they received from established artistes. “Initially we wanted to hold a small celebration, but senior artistes encouraged us to have a proper online gig to launch the brand. We are also grateful to the artistic directors of Khaya Arts, Langelitsha Arts and Victory Siyanqoba to name a few for supporting our initiative and helping to curate the event to meet best artistic standards,” he said. “I also appreciate the support from my father Nkosie Mlibazi the director of Langelitsha Arts for believing in my vision. A fully-functioning studio also gave us the chance for more aspiring musicians to record at a reasonable cost and, therefore, we welcome any potential partner.” The launch, live streamed on CNC Productions Facebook page, saw thrilling performances from artistes and notable performances from solo jazz artiste Millagre, Black Sheep and up-and-coming Kwaito star Langelitsha Arts, as well as the Oxide Kids.  Follow Sharon on Twitter @SibindiSharon

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My Black Is Beautiful, a cultural platform founded by a dynamic group of Black women in 2016, is aiming to use its reach with over 2.5 million members, to shine a light on the effects of COVID-19, racism and voter suppression, all of which disproportionately affect Black people in America and abroad.

So I say all that to say it is really important that we are not only arming ourselves with information, which is why My Black is Beautiful is taking action, but it’s also important that we are demanding more from municipalities and state governments across the country, to make sure that this November, the video we saw in Kentucky, and what we saw in Georgia, with the long lines and absentee ballots that just never made it frankly, to folks, so they had to go to the polls—that it doesn’t happen again.

So that’s why I didn’t hesitate to participate in the My Black is Beautiful campaign because for a lot of folks, and I’m not even talking about first time voters, I’m talking about people that are, you know, that are regular, irregular voters.

And Black folks, regardless of who you’re going to cast a ballot for, make a plan to go to the polls and encourage other people to do the same.

So Black voters and people of color in this country have a right to be concerned, but the reality is that municipalities across the country are doing everything in their power, and I believe—these are Democrats and Republicans as well—are doing everything in their power to ensure that there are safe in-person voting options this November.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"My Black Is Beautiful, a cultural platform founded by a dynamic group of Black women in 2016, is aiming to use its reach with over 2.5 million members, to shine a light on the effects of COVID-19, racism and voter suppression, all of which disproportionately affect Black people in America and abroad.\r\n\r\nSo I say all that to say it is really important that we are not only arming ourselves with information, which is why My Black is Beautiful is taking action, but it’s also important that we are demanding more from municipalities and state governments across the country, to make sure that this November, the video we saw in Kentucky, and what we saw in Georgia, with the long lines and absentee ballots that just never made it frankly, to folks, so they had to go to the polls—that it doesn’t happen again.\r\n\r\nSo that’s why I didn’t hesitate to participate in the My Black is Beautiful campaign because for a lot of folks, and I’m not even talking about first time voters, I’m talking about people that are, you know, that are regular, irregular voters.\r\n\r\nAnd Black folks, regardless of who you’re going to cast a ballot for, make a plan to go to the polls and encourage other people to do the same.\r\n\r\nSo Black voters and people of color in this country have a right to be concerned, but the reality is that municipalities across the country are doing everything in their power, and I believe—these are Democrats and Republicans as well—are doing everything in their power to ensure that there are safe in-person voting options this November.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2020/06/f673a675-cd93-4f56-86fd-a441e9bfde5d1.png","ImageHeight":857,"ImageWidth":1500,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"6A0B0F5E-6206-4F48-A25B-D871F8F29291","SourceName":"MadameNoire","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://madamenoire.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":null,"HasEffectiveDate":false,"MonthAbbrevName":null,"FormattedDate":null,"Year":null,"Month":null,"Day":null,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"IsPublishDate\":true,\"Date\":\"2020-06-25T20:45:54Z\",\"Month\":null,\"Day\":null,\"Year\":null}","JsonExtData":{"isPublishDate":{"ValueKind":5},"date":{"ValueKind":3},"month":null,"day":null,"year":null},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":72071,"FactUId":"AEFF8479-C0B3-45E2-A38E-0FEEF1A6A1E7","Slug":"our-participation-is-mandatory-for-change-symone-sanders-lends-her-powerful-voice-to-my-black-is-beautiful-s-howwewin-initiative","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"“Our Participation Is Mandatory For Change”: Symone Sanders Lends Her Powerful Voice To My Black Is Beautiful’s #HowWeWin Initiative","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/our-participation-is-mandatory-for-change-symone-sanders-lends-her-powerful-voice-to-my-black-is-beautiful-s-howwewin-initiative","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/Sponsor/aaa3b791-f8ce-43df-8c2b-9a3c4e1af285/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prideacs.org","SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/c996ac0a-d532-48f6-89c4-79eaf9e982f6/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.factmonster.com%2Fblack-history-month-activities-history-timeline-ideas-events-facts-quizzes","DisplayText":"

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), organization composed mainly of American blacks, but with many white members, whose goal is the end of racial discrimination and segregation.

The association was formed as the direct result of the lynching (1908) of two blacks in Springfield, Ill. The incident produced a wide response by white Northerners to a call by Mary W. Ovington, a white woman, for a conference to discuss ways of achieving political and social equality for blacks. This conference led to the formation (1910) of the NAACP, headed by eight prominent Americans, seven white and one, William E. B. Du Bois , black. The selection of Du Bois was significant, for he was a black who had rejected the policy of gradualism advocated by Booker T. Washington and demanded immediate equality for blacks. From 1910 to 1934 Du Bois was the editor of the associations periodical The Crisis, which reported on race relations around the world. The new organization grew so rapidly that by 1915 it was able to organize a partially successful boycott of the motion picture The Birth of a Nation, which portrayed blacks of the Reconstruction era in a distorted light.

Most of the NAACPs early efforts were directed against lynching . In this area it could claim considerable success. In 1911 there were 71 lynchings in the United States, with a black person the victim 63 times by the 1950s lynching had virtually disappeared. Since its beginning, and with increasing emphasis since World War II, the NAACP has advocated nonviolent protests against discrimination and has disapproved of extremist black groups such as SNCC and the Black Panthers in the 1960s and 70s and CORE and the Nation of Islam in the 1980s and 90s, many of which criticized the organization as passive. While complacent in the 1980s, it became more active in legislative redistricting, voter registration, and lobbying in the 1990s.

Well-known leaders of the NAACP include Moorfield Storey (1910–29), Walter White (1931–55),

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), organization composed mainly of American blacks, but with many white members, whose goal is the end of racial discrimination and segregation. \n The association was formed as the direct result of the lynching (1908) of two blacks in Springfield, Ill. The incident produced a wide response by white Northerners to a call by Mary W. Ovington, a white woman, for a conference to discuss ways of achieving political and social equality for blacks. This conference led to the formation (1910) of the NAACP, headed by eight prominent Americans, seven white and one, William E. B. Du Bois , black. The selection of Du Bois was significant, for he was a black who had rejected the policy of gradualism advocated by Booker T. Washington and demanded immediate equality for blacks. From 1910 to 1934 Du Bois was the editor of the associations periodical The Crisis, which reported on race relations around the world. The new organization grew so rapidly that by 1915 it was able to organize a partially successful boycott of the motion picture The Birth of a Nation, which portrayed blacks of the Reconstruction era in a distorted light. \n Most of the NAACPs early efforts were directed against lynching . In this area it could claim considerable success. In 1911 there were 71 lynchings in the United States, with a black person the victim 63 times by the 1950s lynching had virtually disappeared. Since its beginning, and with increasing emphasis since World War II, the NAACP has advocated nonviolent protests against discrimination and has disapproved of extremist black groups such as SNCC and the Black Panthers in the 1960s and 70s and CORE and the Nation of Islam in the 1980s and 90s, many of which criticized the organization as passive. While complacent in the 1980s, it became more active in legislative redistricting, voter registration, and lobbying in the 1990s. \n Well-known leaders of the NAACP include Moorfield Storey (1910–29), Walter White (1931–55),","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":null,"ImageHeight":null,"ImageWidth":null,"ImageOrientation":"none","HasImage":false,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"C996AC0A-D532-48F6-89C4-79EAF9E982F6","SourceName":"Fact Monster - Black History","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.factmonster.com/black-history-month-activities-history-timeline-ideas-events-facts-quizzes","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":"AAA3B791-F8CE-43DF-8C2B-9A3C4E1AF285","IsSponsored":true,"SponsorName":"Pride Academy","SmallSponsorLogoUrl":"24x24/prideacs-logo.png","SponsorUrl":"http://www.prideacs.org","HasSmallSponsorLogo":true,"EffectiveDate":null,"HasEffectiveDate":false,"MonthAbbrevName":null,"FormattedDate":null,"Year":null,"Month":null,"Day":null,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":"ExtractionBotHub","IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{}","JsonExtData":{},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":8290,"FactUId":"9169CA1F-2D31-4BAA-ADB3-98EE467C28C5","Slug":"national-association-for-the-advancement-of-colored-people-0","FactType":"Article","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/national-association-for-the-advancement-of-colored-people-0","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":false,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/ee43bbe5-1707-4ef4-be87-85890fe97911/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voice-online.co.uk","DisplayText":"

BOXING IS determined to help solve knife crime. Recent police recorded crime figures published by...

The post Boxing takes a seat to highlight knife crime appeared first on Voice Online.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"BOXING IS determined to help solve knife crime. Recent police recorded crime figures published by...\r\n\nThe post Boxing takes a seat to highlight knife crime appeared first on Voice Online.\r\n","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2020/12/f815c55a-b44b-4663-8dbe-bf3374d257d5.jpg","ImageHeight":680,"ImageWidth":1200,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"EE43BBE5-1707-4EF4-BE87-85890FE97911","SourceName":"Britain's Favourite Black Newspaper - Voice Online","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.voice-online.co.uk","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":null,"HasEffectiveDate":false,"MonthAbbrevName":null,"FormattedDate":null,"Year":null,"Month":null,"Day":null,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"date\":\"2020-12-01T11:54:35Z\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":207466,"FactUId":"FAED8102-2117-4A54-A2DC-07F387BC0B2D","Slug":"boxing-takes-a-seat-to-highlight-knife-crime--voice-online","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Boxing takes a seat to highlight knife crime - Voice Online","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/boxing-takes-a-seat-to-highlight-knife-crime--voice-online","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/45820b0e-ca5a-4757-8ca6-f3e717ca6d51/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/https%3A%2F%2Fdaytonatimes.com","DisplayText":"

Volusia County races will include county chair; council district seats 2, 3 and 4; sheriff; property appraiser; county clerk; and supervisor of elections.

Our officers and committee members always have voter registration material on hand,” said Cynthia Slater, local NAACP president.

The local Democratic Party also is encouraging absentee ballot voting during the pandemic.

The Minority Elected Officials of Volusia County also is encouraging voters to register and hit the polls, especially African Americans and other minorities.

The Minority Elected Officials, like the NAACP, is concerned with voter turnout.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"Volusia County races will include county chair; council district seats 2, 3 and 4; sheriff; property appraiser; county clerk; and supervisor of elections.\r\n\r\nOur officers and committee members always have voter registration material on hand,” said Cynthia Slater, local NAACP president.\r\n\r\nThe local Democratic Party also is encouraging absentee ballot voting during the pandemic.\r\n\r\nThe Minority Elected Officials of Volusia County also is encouraging voters to register and hit the polls, especially African Americans and other minorities.\r\n\r\nThe Minority Elected Officials, like the NAACP, is concerned with voter turnout.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2020/06/9f91b970-ef4d-4d9b-87c3-7032c3e205751.png","ImageHeight":1124,"ImageWidth":1500,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"45820B0E-CA5A-4757-8CA6-F3E717CA6D51","SourceName":"Daytona Times","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://daytonatimes.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":null,"HasEffectiveDate":false,"MonthAbbrevName":null,"FormattedDate":null,"Year":null,"Month":null,"Day":null,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"IsPublishDate\":true,\"Date\":\"2020-06-18T17:33:02Z\",\"Month\":null,\"Day\":null,\"Year\":null}","JsonExtData":{"isPublishDate":{"ValueKind":5},"date":{"ValueKind":3},"month":null,"day":null,"year":null},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":69318,"FactUId":"4974CFC1-EEFE-4852-ABA4-2882DEC0CB94","Slug":"a-focus-on-voting","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"A FOCUS ON VOTING –","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/a-focus-on-voting","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/9108bb9b-d371-4ba7-8200-7f1e42157926/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.savannahtribune.com","DisplayText":"

Dozens of residents gathered at the Historic Dorchester Center in Midway last Sunday for a Meet and Greet hosted by Rep. Al Williams and Liberty County Democrats to welcome Senior Pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church and U.S. Senate candidate Reverend Raphael Warnock. Warnock is in a runoff with Republican candidate Kelly Loeffler. The runoff election will be held January 5, … Continue reading \"Warnock Travelled to Liberty County For Meet and Greet Event\"

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"Dozens of residents gathered at the Historic Dorchester Center in Midway last Sunday for a Meet and Greet hosted by Rep. Al Williams and Liberty County Democrats to welcome Senior Pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church and U.S. Senate candidate Reverend Raphael Warnock. Warnock is in a runoff with Republican candidate Kelly Loeffler. The runoff election will be held January 5, … Continue reading \"Warnock Travelled to Liberty County For Meet and Greet Event\"","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2020/12/6b054cf5-dcec-417b-987e-97b07515d731.jpg","ImageHeight":1232,"ImageWidth":1200,"ImageOrientation":"portrait","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"9108BB9B-D371-4BA7-8200-7F1E42157926","SourceName":"The Savannah Tribune","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.savannahtribune.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":null,"HasEffectiveDate":false,"MonthAbbrevName":null,"FormattedDate":null,"Year":null,"Month":null,"Day":null,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"date\":\"2020-12-02T13:54:00Z\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":208509,"FactUId":"6A6A5F9D-313E-4592-9298-82C655E59789","Slug":"warnock-travelled-to-liberty-county-for-meet-and-greet-event-the-savannah-tribune","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Warnock Travelled to Liberty County For Meet and Greet Event | The Savannah Tribune","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/warnock-travelled-to-liberty-county-for-meet-and-greet-event-the-savannah-tribune","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/Sponsor/db639b42-2581-4fb8-aa10-144471738a50/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alpfa.org%2Fpage%2Fboston","SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/6982ddb9-33e1-469e-8344-2e6290cc3f69/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thoughtco.com%2Fafrican-american-history-4133344","DisplayText":"

Overview

Mary McLeod Bethune established the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW) on December 5, 1935.  With the support of several African-American women’s organizations, the NCNW’s mission was to unify African-American women to improve race relations in the United States and abroad.

Background

Despite strides made by African-American artists and writers of the Harlem Renaissance, W.E.B. Du Bois’ vision of an end to racism was not during the 1920s.

As Americans—especially African-Americans--suffered during the Great Depression, Bethune began to think that a unified group of organizations could lobby effectively for an end to segregation and discrimination. Activist Mary Church Terrell suggested that Bethune form a council to help in these efforts. And the NCNW, “a national organization of national organizations” was established. With a vision of “Unity of Purpose and a Unity of Action,” Bethune efficiently organized a group of independent organizations to improve the lives of African-American women.

The Great Depression: Finding Resources and Advocacy

From the outset, NCNW officials focused on creating relationships with other organizations and federal agencies. NCNW began sponsoring educational programs. In 1938, the NCNW held the White House Conference on Governmental Cooperation in the Approach to the Problems of Negro Women and Children.

Through this conference, the NCNW was able to lobby for more African-American women to hold upper-level government administrative positions.

World War II: Desegregating the Military

During World War II, the NCNW joined forces with other civil rights organizations such as the NAACP to lobby for the desegregation of the U.S. Army.

The group also worked to help women internationally. In 1941, the NCNW became a member of the U.S. War Department’s Bureau of Public Relations. Working in the Women’s Interest Section, the organization campaigned for African-American to serve in the U.S. Army.

The lobbying efforts paid off. Within one year, The Women’s Army Corps (WAC ) began

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"Overview\nMary McLeod Bethune established the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW) on December 5, 1935.  With the support of several African-American women’s organizations, the NCNW’s mission was to unify African-American women to improve race relations in the United States and abroad.\nBackground\nDespite strides made by African-American artists and writers of the Harlem Renaissance, W.E.B. Du Bois’ vision of an end to racism was not during the 1920s.\nAs Americans—especially African-Americans--suffered during the Great Depression, Bethune began to think that a unified group of organizations could lobby effectively for an end to segregation and discrimination. Activist Mary Church Terrell suggested that Bethune form a council to help in these efforts. And the NCNW, “a national organization of national organizations” was established. With a vision of “Unity of Purpose and a Unity of Action,” Bethune efficiently organized a group of independent organizations to improve the lives of African-American women.\nThe Great Depression: Finding Resources and Advocacy\nFrom the outset, NCNW officials focused on creating relationships with other organizations and federal agencies. NCNW began sponsoring educational programs. In 1938, the NCNW held the White House Conference on Governmental Cooperation in the Approach to the Problems of Negro Women and Children.\n Through this conference, the NCNW was able to lobby for more African-American women to hold upper-level government administrative positions.\nWorld War II: Desegregating the Military\nDuring World War II, the NCNW joined forces with other civil rights organizations such as the NAACP to lobby for the desegregation of the U.S. Army.\n The group also worked to help women internationally. In 1941, the NCNW became a member of the U.S. War Department’s Bureau of Public Relations. Working in the Women’s Interest Section, the organization campaigned for African-American to serve in the U.S. Army.\nThe lobbying efforts paid off. Within one year, The Women’s Army Corps (WAC ) began","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/fthmb.tqn.com/uv1oo_hcpdsjz6ogrxiz1iatxym-/800x640/filters-fill-auto-1-/about/ncnw-5895c3843df78caebcaceb2a.jpg","ImageHeight":640,"ImageWidth":800,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"6982DDB9-33E1-469E-8344-2E6290CC3F69","SourceName":"ThoughtCo","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.thoughtco.com/african-american-history-4133344","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":"DB639B42-2581-4FB8-AA10-144471738A50","IsSponsored":true,"SponsorName":"Association of Latino Professionals For America (ALPFA) Boston Professional Chapter","SmallSponsorLogoUrl":"24x24/alpfa-logo.png","SponsorUrl":"https://www.alpfa.org/page/boston","HasSmallSponsorLogo":true,"EffectiveDate":"1935-12-05T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"Dec","FormattedDate":"December 05, 1935","Year":1935,"Month":12,"Day":5,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":"ExtractionBotHub","IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":" {\"Date\":\"1935-12-05\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":8757,"FactUId":"4A66B600-FCE4-48D8-B548-826D1776684F","Slug":"national-negro-council-of-women","FactType":"Event","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"National Negro Council of Women","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/national-negro-council-of-women","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/d527c4ab-5451-447a-8704-6d3e5f994beb/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bet.com","DisplayText":"

On this day, civil Rights activist Medgar W. Evers was shot in the back by a white supremacist in front of his Jackson, Mississippi home.

Born in Decatur, Mississippi, on July 2, 1925, Evers became involved with the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People when working for a Black insurance company in the Mississippi Delta region in 1952.

Evers also led voter registration drives and mass protests, organized boycotts and was instrumental in helping James Meredith, a Black student, enter the University of Mississippi in 1962.

He and his family had been the subject of attacks from white supremacists, including on May 28, 1963, when a Molotov cocktail was thrown into the carport of his home.

A U.S. army veteran who fought in the Battle of Normandy during World War II, Evers was buried on June 19, 1963, in Arlington National Cemetery in Washington, D.C., and received full military honors in front of a crowd of more than 3,000 mourners.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"On this day, civil Rights activist Medgar W. Evers was shot in the back by a white supremacist in front of his Jackson, Mississippi home.\r\n\r\nBorn in Decatur, Mississippi, on July 2, 1925, Evers became involved with the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People when working for a Black insurance company in the Mississippi Delta region in 1952.\r\n\r\nEvers also led voter registration drives and mass protests, organized boycotts and was instrumental in helping James Meredith, a Black student, enter the University of Mississippi in 1962.\r\n\r\nHe and his family had been the subject of attacks from white supremacists, including on May 28, 1963, when a Molotov cocktail was thrown into the carport of his home.\r\n\r\nA U.S. army veteran who fought in the Battle of Normandy during World War II, Evers was buried on June 19, 1963, in Arlington National Cemetery in Washington, D.C., and received full military honors in front of a crowd of more than 3,000 mourners.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2020/06/a4155503-fbd4-4f5c-8bec-4b6ac95281c61.png","ImageHeight":750,"ImageWidth":1500,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"D527C4AB-5451-447A-8704-6D3E5F994BEB","SourceName":"Celebrities, Music, News, Entertainment, TV Shows & Videos | BET","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.bet.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":null,"HasEffectiveDate":false,"MonthAbbrevName":null,"FormattedDate":null,"Year":null,"Month":null,"Day":null,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"IsPublishDate\":true,\"Date\":\"2020-06-12T22:00:00Z\",\"Month\":null,\"Day\":null,\"Year\":null}","JsonExtData":{"isPublishDate":{"ValueKind":5},"date":{"ValueKind":3},"month":null,"day":null,"year":null},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":66187,"FactUId":"5593ABF2-E5CC-4F49-B020-B32DA77A1838","Slug":"this-day-in-black-history-june-12-1963","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"This Day in Black History: June 12, 1963","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/this-day-in-black-history-june-12-1963","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/de2ecbf0-5aa4-45ce-bbf9-9a6ac45f6ac8/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackpast.org%2F","DisplayText":"

The A. Philip Randolph Institute was founded by and named for labor leader Asa Philip Randolph, who was the longtime president of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters union. Randolph and his friend and fellow activist Bayard Rustin founded APRI in 1965 after their successful 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom and the passages of the Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act. The national headquarters is located in Washington, D. C.

Randolph believed that the black community shouldn’t solve its problems in isolation from the overall labor movement. APRI’s mission statement includes encouraging black involvement in unions and working with the labor movement on key sociopolitical issues such as employment, education, healthcare, and housing. Soon after its founding, and throughout the decades since, APRI showed solidarity for various unions by supporting demonstrations such as the Memphis, Tennessee, sanitation workers’ strike in 1968, the General Electric strikers in 1969, the Mississippi catfish workers in the 1980s, and the Institute allied with Greyhound and Eastern Airlines workers picketing in the 1990s.

APRI holds several annual events for local communities and for its members. Individual chapters organize annual banquets, which started in the 1970s for most cities. The banquets award members of the local church community, legislature, and labor unions for impactful work, and proceeds go to the APRI Education Committee’s Scholarship Fund. The National Education Conference for all APRI chapters began in 1969, gathering to discuss innovations and solutions for empowering black youth and to push for school funding locally and federally. The Institute’s Trade Unions Intern Program supports young people desiring to enter apprenticeships in various industries.

APRI chapters invest much of their energies in voter education and participation, through their Get Out the Vote program. Chapters set up voter registration events, distribute voter education literature, and, although a non-partisan

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"The A. Philip Randolph Institute was founded by and named for labor leader Asa Philip Randolph, who was the longtime president of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters union. Randolph and his friend and fellow activist Bayard Rustin founded APRI in 1965 after their successful 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom and the passages of the Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act. The national headquarters is located in Washington, D. C. \nRandolph believed that the black community shouldn’t solve its problems in isolation from the overall labor movement. APRI’s mission statement includes encouraging black involvement in unions and working with the labor movement on key sociopolitical issues such as employment, education, healthcare, and housing. Soon after its founding, and throughout the decades since, APRI showed solidarity for various unions by supporting demonstrations such as the Memphis, Tennessee, sanitation workers’ strike in 1968, the General Electric strikers in 1969, the Mississippi catfish workers in the 1980s, and the Institute allied with Greyhound and Eastern Airlines workers picketing in the 1990s. \nAPRI holds several annual events for local communities and for its members. Individual chapters organize annual banquets, which started in the 1970s for most cities. The banquets award members of the local church community, legislature, and labor unions for impactful work, and proceeds go to the APRI Education Committee’s Scholarship Fund. The National Education Conference for all APRI chapters began in 1969, gathering to discuss innovations and solutions for empowering black youth and to push for school funding locally and federally. The Institute’s Trade Unions Intern Program supports young people desiring to enter apprenticeships in various industries. \nAPRI chapters invest much of their energies in voter education and participation, through their Get Out the Vote program. Chapters set up voter registration events, distribute voter education literature, and, although a non-partisan","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/www.blackpast.org/files/a__philip_randolph_institute.jpg","ImageHeight":250,"ImageWidth":400,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"DE2ECBF0-5AA4-45CE-BBF9-9A6AC45F6AC8","SourceName":"Black Past","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.blackpast.org/","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":null,"HasEffectiveDate":false,"MonthAbbrevName":null,"FormattedDate":null,"Year":null,"Month":null,"Day":null,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":"ExtractionBotHub","IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{}","JsonExtData":{},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":5236,"FactUId":"83A162E6-0F47-4CC9-B2AA-35C2D21BA467","Slug":"a-philip-randolph-institute-1965","FactType":"Article","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"A. Philip Randolph Institute (1965- )","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/a-philip-randolph-institute-1965","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/80689a34-9b7c-4d3a-91f8-56cabb44f365/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fsearch%3Fquery%3Dblack%2520history","DisplayText":"

Benjamin L. Hooks , in full Benjamin Lawson Hooks (born Jan. 31, 1925, Memphis, Tenn., U.S.—died April 15, 2010, Memphis), American jurist, minister, and government official who was executive director of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) from 1977 to 1993.

Hooks attended Le Moyne College in Memphis (1941–43) and Howard University, Washington, D.C. (1943–44; B.A., 1944), served in the U.S. Army during World War II, and later studied law at De Paul University in Chicago (J.D., 1948); no law school in Tennessee was admitting blacks at that time. From 1949 until 1965 he practiced law in Memphis. He participated in restaurant sit-ins of the late 1950s and early ’60s and joined the Board of Directors of Martin Luther King’s Southern Christian Leadership Conference, among many other civil-rights and public-service organizations. Ordained a Baptist minister in the mid-1950s, he preached regularly at churches in both Memphis and Detroit, and he won a wide following for his eloquence as a public speaker.

Assistant public defender of Shelby County (Memphis) from 1961, he was appointed judge of Shelby County Criminal Court in 1965, the first African American to hold that position. He was elected for a full eight-year term in 1966, but he resigned in 1968. In July 1972 Hooks was appointed to the U.S. Federal Communications Commission and became the first black FCC commissioner. He resigned to become executive director of the NAACP on Aug. 1, 1977, succeeding Roy Wilkins. Hooks also served as the chairman of the board of directors of the National Civil Rights Museum in Memphis and helped to found the Benjamin L. Hooks Institute for Social Change at the University of Memphis in 1996. Hooks stressed the need for affirmative action and pressed for increased minority voter registration. He deplored underrepresentation of minorities in media ownership. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"Benjamin L. Hooks , in full Benjamin Lawson Hooks (born Jan. 31, 1925, Memphis, Tenn., U.S.—died April 15, 2010, Memphis), American jurist, minister, and government official who was executive director of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) from 1977 to 1993.\nHooks attended Le Moyne College in Memphis (1941–43) and Howard University, Washington, D.C. (1943–44; B.A., 1944), served in the U.S. Army during World War II, and later studied law at De Paul University in Chicago (J.D., 1948); no law school in Tennessee was admitting blacks at that time. From 1949 until 1965 he practiced law in Memphis. He participated in restaurant sit-ins of the late 1950s and early ’60s and joined the Board of Directors of Martin Luther King’s Southern Christian Leadership Conference, among many other civil-rights and public-service organizations. Ordained a Baptist minister in the mid-1950s, he preached regularly at churches in both Memphis and Detroit, and he won a wide following for his eloquence as a public speaker.\nAssistant public defender of Shelby County (Memphis) from 1961, he was appointed judge of Shelby County Criminal Court in 1965, the first African American to hold that position. He was elected for a full eight-year term in 1966, but he resigned in 1968. In July 1972 Hooks was appointed to the U.S. Federal Communications Commission and became the first black FCC commissioner. He resigned to become executive director of the NAACP on Aug. 1, 1977, succeeding Roy Wilkins. Hooks also served as the chairman of the board of directors of the National Civil Rights Museum in Memphis and helped to found the Benjamin L. Hooks Institute for Social Change at the University of Memphis in 1996. Hooks stressed the need for affirmative action and pressed for increased minority voter registration. He deplored underrepresentation of minorities in media ownership. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/media1.britannica.com/eb-media/68/1268-004-02b03e09.jpg","ImageHeight":225,"ImageWidth":293,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"80689A34-9B7C-4D3A-91F8-56CABB44F365","SourceName":"Brittanica","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/search?query=black%20history","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":"2010-04-15T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"Apr","FormattedDate":"April 15, 2010","Year":2010,"Month":4,"Day":15,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":"ExtractionBotHub","IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":" {\"Date\":\"2010-04-15T00:00:00\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":10486,"FactUId":"269B0597-1777-4C2E-9DAC-9521CBCD14A5","Slug":"benjamin-l-hooks-0","FactType":"Event","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Benjamin L. Hooks","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/benjamin-l-hooks-0","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":false,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/f37ce5c3-b4b9-4e92-8cc0-20e30ff60e7d/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/https%3A%2F%2Fjamaica-gleaner.com","DisplayText":"

More than 100 students across the parish of Clarendon were gifted with tablets, courtesy of the James and Friends Education Programme on Wednesday. Founder of the organisation, Otis James, told The Gleaner that the programme caters to almost 200...

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"More than 100 students across the parish of Clarendon were gifted with tablets, courtesy of the James and Friends Education Programme on Wednesday. Founder of the organisation, Otis James, told The Gleaner that the programme caters to almost 200...","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2020/11/26ee3cb1-90c6-4903-abc2-ae6f1534c524.jpg","ImageHeight":188,"ImageWidth":250,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"F37CE5C3-B4B9-4E92-8CC0-20E30FF60E7D","SourceName":"Jamaica Gleaner","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://jamaica-gleaner.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":null,"HasEffectiveDate":false,"MonthAbbrevName":null,"FormattedDate":null,"Year":null,"Month":null,"Day":null,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"date\":\"2020-11-13T05:09:14Z\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":191100,"FactUId":"7F763191-2A7F-4F43-852E-4D43364D74B4","Slug":"james-and-friends-donate-tablets-to-more-than-100-clarendon-students","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"James and Friends donate tablets to more than 100 Clarendon students","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/james-and-friends-donate-tablets-to-more-than-100-clarendon-students","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/8ae22336-2ffa-41c4-8efe-ec5c03161e26/3650ecf8-0bd2-46dc-8ec6-75e30ba68c03/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.charlestonchronicle.net","DisplayText":"

Still, there is a growing sense of urgency given the acute absence of health-care infrastructure on the continent and the prospect of 20 national elections scheduled in Africa during 2020.

With many countries banning public gatherings and restricting people’s freedom of movement, can these votes go ahead as planned?

“In Africa,” continues Kadima, “the only way of campaigning that people know is to bring the crowd around the candidate to pass the message.

But if a country cancels elections established by the constitution, it could lead to violence, suggests Kadima, “because when the legitimacy of the rulers has run out, then they can’t stand there and tell people what to do.

Upcoming elections within the next 12 months include Tanzania (Oct.), Cote d’Ivoire (Oct.), Egypt (Nov), Ghana (Dec) Chad (Dec), Central African Republic, (Dec), Niger (Dec), Guinea, Somalia, Liberia and Gabon.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"Still, there is a growing sense of urgency given the acute absence of health-care infrastructure on the continent and the prospect of 20 national elections scheduled in Africa during 2020.\r\n\r\nWith many countries banning public gatherings and restricting people’s freedom of movement, can these votes go ahead as planned?\r\n\r\n“In Africa,” continues Kadima, “the only way of campaigning that people know is to bring the crowd around the candidate to pass the message.\r\n\r\nBut if a country cancels elections established by the constitution, it could lead to violence, suggests Kadima, “because when the legitimacy of the rulers has run out, then they can’t stand there and tell people what to do.\r\n\r\nUpcoming elections within the next 12 months include Tanzania (Oct.), Cote d’Ivoire (Oct.), Egypt (Nov), Ghana (Dec) Chad (Dec), Central African Republic, (Dec), Niger (Dec), Guinea, Somalia, Liberia and Gabon.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2020/05/085fd847-5985-496f-b26b-47acda22b9cc1.png","ImageHeight":844,"ImageWidth":1500,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"8AE22336-2FFA-41C4-8EFE-EC5C03161E26","SourceName":"The Charleston Chronicle","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.charlestonchronicle.net","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":null,"HasEffectiveDate":false,"MonthAbbrevName":null,"FormattedDate":null,"Year":null,"Month":null,"Day":null,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"IsPublishDate\":true,\"Date\":\"2020-05-20T21:38:25Z\",\"Month\":null,\"Day\":null,\"Year\":null}","JsonExtData":{"isPublishDate":{"ValueKind":5},"date":{"ValueKind":3},"month":null,"day":null,"year":null},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":57127,"FactUId":"12FD2BB4-F04C-4683-81AB-3AF20A13AF89","Slug":"traditional-elections-will-test-africa-s-resistance-to-the-virus","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Traditional Elections Will Test Africa’s Resistance To The Virus","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/traditional-elections-will-test-africa-s-resistance-to-the-virus","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"}],"virtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","clientParm":null,"totalItemCount":200,"pageSize":20,"template":"\r\n
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