Languages: Arabic (official), English (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, Fur

Ethnicity/race: Sudanese Arab (approximately 70%), Fur, Beja, Nuba, Fallata

Religions: Sunni Muslim, small Christian minority

Literacy rate: 71.9% (2011 est.)

Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2013 est.): $89.97 billion; per capita $2,600. Real growth rate: 3.9%. Inflation: 25%. Unemployment: 20% (2012 est.). Arable land: 6.76%. Agriculture: cotton, groundnuts (peanuts), sorghum, millet, wheat, gum arabic, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca), mangos, papaya, bananas, sweet potatoes, sesame; sheep, livestock. Labor force: 11.92 million (2007 est.); agriculture 80%, industry 7%, services 13% (1998 est.). Industries: oil, cotton ginning, textiles, cement, edible oils, sugar, soap distilling, shoes, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals, armaments, automobile/light truck assembly. Natural resources: petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold, hydropower. Exports: $4.145 billion (2013 est.): gold; oil and petroleum products; cotton, sesame, livestock, groundnuts, gum arabic, sugar. Imports: $5.941 billion (2013 est.): foodstuffs, manufactured goods, refinery and transport equipment, medicines and chemicals, textiles, wheat. Major trading partners: Macau, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, India, Germany, Ethiopia (2012).

Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 425,000 (2012); mobile cellular: 27.659 million (2012). Radio broadcast stations: AM 12, FM 1, shortwave 1 (2007). Radios: 7.55 million (1997). Television broadcast stations: 3 (1997). Televisions: 2.38 million (1997). Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 99 (2012). Internet users: 4.2 million (2008).

Transportation: Railways: total: 5,978 km (2008). Highways: total: 11,900 km; paved: 4,320 km; unpaved: 7,580 km (2000 est.). Waterways: 4,068 km navigable (2011). Ports and harbors: Port Sudan. Airports: 74 (2013).

International disputes: the effects of Sudans almost constant ethnic and rebel militia fighting since the mid-20th century have