Jurist and Royal Air Force (RAF) Flight Lieutenant John “Johnny” Henry Smythe was born on June 30, 1915, in the West African port city of Freetown, Sierra Leone. He received a grammar school education and had worked as a civil servant before joining the Sierra Leone Defence Corps (part of the British Colonial Army) in 1939, achieving the rank of Sergeant. Prior to the onset of World II Smythe read Adolf Hitler’s Mein Kampf and believed a horrible scenario of enslavement and extermination awaited peoples of African ancestry should the Nazis prevail. With the backing of the colonial administration he volunteered for service in the RAF. Of a group of 90 he was one of four men to finish basic training to become a navigator, and after a year of additional training was attached to a bomber squadron.

On November 18, 1942, on his twenty-eighth mission over Europe, his bomber was shot down and he was wounded in the groin and abdomen. Enemy troops found him hiding in a barn. Smythe later recalled: “The Germans couldn’t believe their eyes. I’m sure that’s what saved me from being shot immediately. To see a black man -- an officer at that -- was more than they could come to terms with. They just stood there gazing.”

While spending the duration of the war at Stalag Luft I in northern Germany he served on the escape committee to free white POWs. “I don’t think a six-foot-five black man would’ve got very far in Pomerania, somehow,” he said. Liberated by Russian soldiers in 1945 (they embraced him and gave him vodka), he received a hero’s welcome when he returned to Freetown. In the post-war 1940s he worked as a military liaison officer in the Colonial Office; accompanied West Indian former military personnel and others to work in Britain; studied at the Inns of Court School of Law; and served in the RAF Reserve.

In 1951, Smythe became a practicing barrister, married his Grenadian fiancée, Violet Wells Bain in London, and then moved back to Freetown. In 1953 he represented the Sierra Leone Naval Volunteer Force at the