Carson McCullers , née Lula Carson Smith (born February 19, 1917, Columbus, Georgia, U.S.—died September 29, 1967, Nyack, New York), American writer of novels and stories that depict the inner lives of lonely people.

At age 17 Lula Carson Smith, whose father was a modestly successful jeweler in Columbus, Georgia, went to New York City to study at Columbia and New York universities, and in 1937 she married Reeves McCullers, a writer whom she had met in Georgia and with whom she was to have a long and complicated relationship. They divorced in 1940 after he was found to have forged some of her royalty checks but remarried in 1945. Her life after that was clouded by pain, illness, and tragedy. She fell in love at least twice with women who did not reciprocate her feelings and once with a man who also interested her husband. Repeated strokes incapacitated her for long periods, and partial paralysis confined McCullers to a wheelchair in her later years.

Her achievement as a writer—a career that was successfully launched by her first novel, The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter (1940; filmed 1968)—was the outgrowth of her own character and lonely suffering. The novel concerns four inhabitants of a small town in Georgia—an adolescent girl with a passion to study music, an unsuccessful socialist agitator, a black physician struggling to maintain his personal dignity, and a widower who owns a café. Reflections in a Golden Eye (1941; filmed 1967), a shorter work set in a Southern army post that chronicles the unhappy life of a captain (a latent homosexual) and his wife (a nymphomaniac), confirmed McCullers’s earlier success.

During the 1940s McCullers met American playwright Tennessee Williams, and they became friends. Williams encouraged her to make a play of her novel The Member of the Wedding (1946), a sensitive portrayal of a lonely adolescent whose attachment to her brother precipitates a crisis at his wedding. The novel proved to be her most popular work, and it was equally successful as a play, heralded by some as a